Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif, and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan met in Mecca on August 7 to sign the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement. Pakistan’s foreign ministry described the pact as treating an attack on one signatory as an attack on all, with the stated goal of collective deterrence. Turkish President Erdogan separately indicated that Egypt could join the arrangement.