IBM announced a new chip prototype on June 25 featuring a 0.7-nanometer transistor architecture and NanoStack design that stacks transistors vertically. The prototype demonstrated 50 percent higher performance and 70 percent greater energy efficiency than IBM's 2021 2nm chip in tests, while packing nearly 100 billion transistors into a fingernail-sized area. The technology remains years from production, with Intel advancing its separate 1.8nm process.