On July 2, 2026, the Court of Justice of the European Union dismissed Google's appeal in case C-738/22 P, confirming the €4.1 billion fine originally imposed by the European Commission in 2018 and reduced by the General Court in 2022 for abuse of dominance through Android pre-installation agreements. The ruling addresses pre-installation deals with smartphone makers that favored Google Search and Chrome. Available reporting is limited to two center-rated sources.